What Can an OCT Scan Detect?
Optical Coherence Tomography, commonly known as OCT, is a non-invasive imaging test that uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina. With OCT, your ophthalmologist can see each of the retina’s distinctive layers. This ability to see different layers helps your doctor to map and measure their thickness. These measurements help with the diagnosis of retinal diseases and conditions. OCT scans are powerful tools in the field of ophthalmology, offering a window into the intricate structures of the eye. They are pivotal in detecting a range of eye conditions, some of which we will explore in this article.
Understanding OCT Technology
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) utilises light waves to create detailed images of the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. The process is similar to ultrasound imaging, but instead of sound waves, it uses light waves to create an image. This allows for higher resolution images, making OCT particularly useful for eye examinations. The scan is quick, painless, and does not require physical contact with the eye.
Detecting Retinal Diseases
One of the primary uses of OCT is in the diagnosis and management of retinal diseases. These include conditions like:
- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Retinal vein occlusion
AMD, a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, causes damage to the macula, the central part of the retina. An OCT scan can detect early signs of macular degeneration, even before symptoms appear. In diabetic retinopathy, high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels of the retina. OCT helps in identifying this damage, allowing for timely intervention. Similarly, for retinal vein occlusion, which is a blockage of the retinal veins, OCT can reveal the extent of retinal swelling and any associated bleeding.
Glaucoma Detection
Another significant application of OCT is in the detection and management of glaucoma. Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, often due to high pressure inside the eye. An OCT scan can measure the thickness of the nerve fibre layer, providing crucial information about the health of the optic nerve. Detecting glaucoma early is essential for preventing irreversible vision loss.
Monitoring Macular Holes and Pucker
OCT is also instrumental in diagnosing macular holes and macular pucker. A macular hole is a small break in the macula, leading to blurring and distortion of vision. Macular pucker, on the other hand, occurs when a membrane forms over the retina and contracts, causing the retina to wrinkle or pucker. OCT scans provide detailed images of the macula, helping to identify these conditions and guide treatment decisions.
Diagnosing Central Serous Retinopathy
Central serous retinopathy, a condition where fluid accumulates under the retina, causing visual distortion, is another condition that can be detected using OCT. This condition often affects young and middle-aged adults and can lead to temporary or permanent vision impairment. OCT scans help in identifying the fluid buildup and monitoring the condition over time.
Keep an Eye on Your Health With an OCT Scan
OCT scans are a cornerstone in the diagnosis and management of various eye diseases. Their ability to provide detailed images of the retina’s layers makes them an invaluable tool for ophthalmologists. As technology continues to advance, the scope of OCT in eye care is expected to expand, offering hope for better diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions.
If you’d like to learn more about OCT scans, or if you’d like to book an appointment for one, please get in touch with our team at Pritchard Cowburn Opticians today.